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Key Differences. Different cultures and varying environment tend to create different perceptions of the Dzselfdz and one of the most common distinctions between cultures and people is the Eastern vs. Western dichotomy wherein Eastern represents Asia and Western represents Europe and Northern America. Associate professor in the Department of Counseling and Human Development Services. It includes the countries of Asia and the Middle East. Eastern systems often instill moral value in education. Eastern psychologies maintain that, as a result of social and self-conditioning, our ambitions, beliefs, desires, expectations, preconceptions, and views of the nature of reality are illusory. To hear more reflections from Gish Jen, click on her portrait and listen to an interview conducted by Harvard University Press. The Individual. (thought) sees the other person as part of yourself as well as the things you may create, a drama in which everyone is interconnected with their To some extent Western formulations of the self evidence a homunculus-like quality lacking in some Eastern conceptions, especially those derived from the Vijnanavada and Zen Buddhist traditions. 1. In Eastern philosophy, though, the self is often treated as an illusion. For example, topics like sex or birth of a child are openly discussed in Western culture, whereas in the East, these topics are still taboo. A portrait of the author Gish Jen, whose book Tiger Writing: Art, Culture, and the Interdependent Self, explores Eastern and Western differences in self-narration. Soseki expressed through his characters how Western values, such as self-awareness and having unlimited opportunities, often lead to isolation and sadness. In some countries, theres an aversion to showing outward displays of happiness, as it can be taken to mean that the happy person is selfish, shallow, or boring. The eastern culture involves the social norms, customs, traditions, ethics, beliefs, political system, and technologies of the world's eastern part. It includes the countries of Asia and the Middle East. Westerners take pride in having their own distinct identities. Explain the concept of self as found in Asian thoughts; and 3. In contrast, the Western civilization is more individualistic, trying to find the meaning of life here and now with self at the center as it is already given and part of the divine. The self includes a variety of significant others leading to the collateral or unindividuated self. Concepts of the Self: Western and Eastern Perspectives. comparisons between eastern and western cultures. Since we think and act in accordance with these illusions, we invariably suffer (i.e., experience disappointment, frustration, and pain). 2006). For example, in the West, we admire the self-made man. He may begin by looking inwards into his own particular thou and, by a process of "dying to self" --- self in reasoning, self in willing, self in feeling --- come at last to knowledge of the self, the kingdom of the self, the kingdom of God that is within. What kind of self do you think will a Western culture create, as you have depicted? Eastern culture believes that the key to success is through spiritual means. The eastern culture involves the social norms, customs, traditions, ethics, beliefs, political system, and technologies of the world's eastern part. Fitting in is valued over standing out. THE SELF IN WESTERN. And this has consequences for society, the workplace, family, even relationships. At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: 1. Another interrelated difference between Eastern and Western education is how learning itself is seen as a mean to an end. The authors began with the observation that people from East Asian cultures are familiar with the idea that an individual can have more than one self, or side to themselves, both positive and negative. Eastern culture is derived from different civilizations. We value personal achievements over group efforts. This chapter first examines the fact that the cultural differences between Western individualism and East Asian collectivism In the Eastern world the concept of self is broader. It is more concentrated or considered on the independence and self-reliance of these students rather than textbook learning. Republic of the Philippines CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE F. Education system: Eastern education system is based on cramming and quantitative pattern. Western, or more individualist cultures, view the self as separate and focus on self, independence, autonomy and self-expression are reinforced through social and cultural norms. This is the independent self-concept. in an interview conducted for Harvard University Press, Jen reflects on her individualistic, or independent, self that dominates in the West, especially America, and her collectivist, or interdependent, self that dominates in the east, including China. They embrace autonomy and like to think for themselves. Analysis. From an eastern business perspective, the amount of support and cooperation receive within the network of business is its strength. It is a unique whole that is defined against a social background. In Eastern culture, however, there is much less emphasis placed on happiness, at least on individual happiness. Confucianism Confucianism is a system of ethics devised by the Chinese scholar Kung Fu- tzu (Latinised to Confucius) in sixth century BC China. Natsume Soseki, one of my favorite authors, wrote about how Western culture shaped individuality in modern Japan. Advantage. In Western society, the individual rules. The two sides the dark and light, good and bad, yin and yang make up a whole, and the self is incomplete with only one side. Eastern- also called Oriental; represents Asia Western- represents Europe and Northern America. Non-western or collectivistic cultures view the self as interdependent and inseparable from social context and individuals socialized to value interconnectedness consider the thoughts and behaviors of others. Disadvantage People from the West are more open to expressing their feelings. What kind of self do you think will a Western culture create, as you have depicted? In some countries, theres an aversion to showing outward displays of happiness, as it can be taken to mean that the happy person is selfish, shallow, or boring. Eastern culture constitutes the Asian countries that are China, Japan, Russia, Korea, India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Pakistan, and related other territories. Eastern culture, also known as Oriental culture, is an umbrella term for various cultural heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Eastern world. Western system is based on qualitative study. Eastern culture uses the spiritual and missionary approach of searching inside oneself for answers through meditation whereas western culture takes on a pragmatic and emotional approach in searching outside oneself through research and analysis. CULTURE AND THE SELF 225 dent view is most clearly exemplified in some sizable segment of American culture, as well as in many Western European cultures. Lesson 4: The Self in Western and Eastern Thought. Here, there are only two fundamental choices: either the individual comes before the collective, or the collective comes before the individual. Answer (1 of 7): There is no single Eastern philosophy of self. Through analyzing the literature of the Vedas and the Upanishads of the East, and Mesopotamian, Semitic, and Christian literature of the West, I will show clear and factual In recent decades, there has been a renewed interest in analyzing self, but most scholars have not claimed knowledge of an ahistorical, objective, essential self free from all cultural determinants. In Eastern culture, however, there is much less emphasis placed on happiness, at least on individual happiness. Associate professor in the Department of Counseling and Human Development Services. Children are expected to have self-control, thus making it hard for them to express emotions. remains unproved to date. Education system: Eastern education system is based on cramming and quantitative pattern. (thought) looks at the world in dualities wherein you are distinct from the other person. Traditional scholars of philosophy and religion, both East and West, often place a major emphasis on analyzing the nature of "the self." At the foundation of all human behavior is the self our sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals. Hindus believe in the Brahman, or god or the universe, and the Atman, or the human soul. the East and the West respectively, in an attempt to support Watts thesis on the two great myths of the Self in the East and the West. The problem of the self currently remains unsolved. The predominant language of eastern culture is Arabic. The Westerners are more open and blunt. A western and eastern trait plays an important role especially for us that we will learn and understand their different concepts of self. Lesson 4: The Self in Western and Eastern Thought. Non-western or collectivistic cultures view the self as interdependent and inseparable from social context and individuals socialized to value interconnectedness consider the thoughts and behaviors of others. first of all, the goals of social psychology in the self-concept domain mainly focused on divergent patterns between different self-construal. In Western culture, the concept of the self is a central motivational universe that is more or less integrated. Here, there are only two fundamental choices: either the individual comes before the collective, or the collective comes before the individual. In both co ntemporary psychology and philosop hy, the fac tual existence of the human self. Richard C. Page: is an associate professor in the Department of Counseling and Human Development Services at the University of Georgia, Athens. Hinduism is a major religion common in south Asian countries, like India and Sri The concepts of the self differ in both the Western and Eastern cultures. Analysis. Author Gish Jen feels the tension between cultures in very personal ways. 5 Cultural Differences between East and West. 1. Create a representation of the Filipino self. Holistic thinking permeates Eastern philosophy and culture (Credit: Getty Images) Crucially, our social orientation appears to spill over into more fundamental aspects of reasoning . The core system of many Middle Eastern cultures is Employment: In this tradition, self-realisation is the purpose of human life. This means that life has been accorded to human beings for the purpose of realising their Differentiate the concept of self according to Western thought against Eastern/Oriental perspectives; 2. The concept of the self in Western psychology derives primarily from the work of Freud, Jung, and Rogers. The freedom of speech symbolizes ones ultimate freedom to be oneself. To most Hindus, the Atman is part of the Brahman and will be fully reunited with the Brahman once the cycle of reincarnation is complete. 1. Western cultures focal point is self security. All cultural differences stem from where the respective cultures locate the relationship between individuals and society. This chapter first examines the fact that the cultural differences between Western individualism and East Asian collectivism Most Eastern theist traditions (e.g., Hinduism) assert that the appearance of self (e.g., Atman) is an emanation of Divine Will and that the goal of philosophy and spiritual practice is for the individual to re-unite with the divine absolute, transcending the illusion of self into God-Realization Individualism is a strong feature of Western culture. Similarly, cultures of vanity, celebrity, and social media spun from the same self-interested nature of Western thought. Western system is based on qualitative study. As a Filipino, we also have strengths and weaknesses that Eastern thought. Self and Culture. Eastern culture has limited freedom of speech. Western cultures focal point is self security. It is more concentrated or considered on the independence and self-reliance of these students rather than textbook learning. A team of researchers from Canada and Japan have uncovered some remarkable results on how eastern and western cultures assess situations very differently. Values: Eastern cultures focal point is abnegation (love for others). The man who wishes to know the "that" which is "thou" may set to work in any one of three ways. The population in Western countries is more liberal than those in the East. What one person does or experiences is completely independent of other people and the world at large. However, in Eastern philosophy, the self is often treated as an illusion. That is, the idea that people are separate entities from each other and the world is not considered a reality in Eastern thought. Now, as Eastern, Western culture does not describe any specific group or belief, but instead it describes tendencies within cultural thought and practices, tendencies which favor the plight of the individual rather than the collective. Westerners take pride in having their own distinct identities. With many priority in harmony and supportive environment, it is easier to delegates tasks and stay objective without conflict of self interest. As such, there is no singular "Eastern culture" except as opposed to Western culture. Western culture is more likely to be externally controlled than internal self-control. Conceptions of the Self in Western and Eastern Psychology. The concept of the self in Western psychology derives primarily from the work of Freud, Jung, and Rogers. To some extent Western formulations of the self evidence a homunculus-like quality lacking in some Eastern conceptions, especially those derived from the Vijnanavada We will identify what are the traits that we are able to adapt and possess for the contribution when it comes to understanding the self and also can help us in order to attain a successful life. The eastern culture involves the social norms, customs, traditions, ethics, beliefs, political system, and technologies of the world's eastern part. In Eastern culture, the self is the dynamic center of awareness, emotion, and judgment. Eastern business cultures. Western thought. Richard C. Page: is an associate professor in the Department of Counseling and Human Development Services at the University of Georgia, Athens. Individualism is a strong feature of Western culture. Even within individual Eastern traditions, there are branches which dispute over this issue. All cultural differences stem from where the respective cultures locate the relationship between individuals and society. Buddhism is another common Eastern religion and philosophy. It includes the countries of Asia and the Middle East. Eastern culture. Finding Freedom in the East Alexa Pellegrini . 2. When a person from an eastern culture says I, the cultural meaning is we. View Self-in-Western-and-Eastern-Thought-1.pdf from ITM 201 at International Islamic University, Islamabad. Eastern western. 3. AND EASTERNTHOUGHT LESSON OBJECTIVES. Traditionally, Eastern cultures focused more on inner mastery and peace as the preconditions for a more peaceful world; indigenous cultures focused more on peace with the Earth our mother and a sacred being; and Western cultures focused more on outer mastery and changing aspects of the external world as a basis for creating a more peaceful world. Richard C. Page, Richard C. Page. They embrace autonomy and like to think for themselves. The concept of self in Eastern and Western philosophy. Concepts of the Self: Western and Eastern Perspectives. Richard C. Page, Richard C. Page. In eastern culture, the man is interconnected with nature and spiritually connected with the many Gods according to belief. Eastern culture is traditional, follow some typical traditions, surrounded by the values and norms, whereas western culture is modern and developed. Fitting in is valued over standing out. Eastern culture, also known as Oriental culture, is an umbrella term for various cultural heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Eastern world. Theres also belief that showing happiness can be socially inappropriate. Self-expression is a notion that is closely associated with a horde of positive concepts, such as freedom, creativity, style, courage, self-assurance, and even healing and spirituality. Lesson 4: The Self in Western and Eastern Thoughts. The Self in Western and Eastern Thoughts. Western culture allows full freedom of speech.

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